5. Al-Ma'idah (The Repast)

The Quranic Text & Ali’s Version:




وَمِنَ الَّذِينَ قَالُواْ إِنَّا نَصَارَى أَخَذْنَا مِيثَاقَهُمْ ...

5:14. From those, too, who call themselves Christians, We did take a Covenant,

C715. The Christian Covenant may be taken to be the charge which Jesus gave to his disciples, and which the disciples accepted, to welcome Ahmad (56:6).

Glimpses of this are to be found in the Gospel of St. John even as it exists now (John 15:26. 16:7).

It is those who call themselves "Christians" who reject this. True Christians have accepted it. The enmity between those who call themselves Christians and the Jews will continue till the Last Day.

... فَنَسُواْ حَظًّا مِّمَّا ذُكِّرُواْ بِهِ ...

but they forgot a good part of the Message that was sent them:

... فَأَغْرَيْنَا بَيْنَهُمُ الْعَدَاوَةَ وَالْبَغْضَاء إِلَى يَوْمِ الْقِيَامَةِ ...

so We estranged them, with enmity and hatred between the one and the other, to the Day of Judgment.

... وَسَوْفَ يُنَبِّئُهُمُ اللّهُ بِمَا كَانُواْ يَصْنَعُونَ ﴿١٤﴾

And soon will Allah show them what it is they have done.

C715a. The change from the First Person in the beginning of the verse to the Third Person here illustrates the change from the personal relationship of the Covenant, to the impersonal operation of Justice at Judgment.

Cf. 35:9.

يَا أَهْلَ الْكِتَابِ قَدْ جَاءكُمْ رَسُولُنَا...

5: 15. O People of the Book!

there hath come to you Our Messenger,

... يُبَيِّنُ لَكُمْ كَثِيرًا مِّمَّا كُنتُمْ تُخْفُونَ مِنَ الْكِتَابِ وَيَعْفُو عَن كَثِيرٍ...

revealing to you much that ye used to hide in the Book, and passing over much (that is now unnecessary):

... قَدْ جَاءكُم مِّنَ اللّهِ نُورٌ وَكِتَابٌ مُّبِينٌ ﴿١٥﴾

There hath come to you from Allah a (new) Light and a perspicuous Book.

C716. Mubin: I wish I could translate by a simpler word than "perspicuous". But "plain" may mean unadorned, the opposite of beautiful, and this Book is among the most beautiful that it is the privilege of mankind to read.

"Clear" would be right as far as it means "unambiguous, self-evident, not involved in mysteries of origin, history, or meaning, one which every one can understand as to the essentials necessary for him, without the intervention of priests or privileged persons".

Mubin has all these meanings, but it suggests, besides, some quality of a shining light, by which we are able to make things clear, to distinguish the true from the false. This I think is suggested better by "perspicuous" than by the word "clear". Besides it is hardly good idiom to speak of "a clear Book."

يَهْدِي بِهِ اللّهُ مَنِ اتَّبَعَ رِضْوَانَهُ سُبُلَ السَّلاَمِ ...

5: 16. Wherewith Allah guideth all who seek His good pleasure to ways of peace and safety,

... وَيُخْرِجُهُم مِّنِ الظُّلُمَاتِ إِلَى النُّورِ بِإِذْنِهِ وَيَهْدِيهِمْ إِلَى صِرَاطٍ مُّسْتَقِيمٍ ﴿١٦﴾

and leadeth them out of darkness, by His Will,

unto the light, guideth them to a Path that is Straight.



لَّقَدْ كَفَرَ الَّذِينَ قَآلُواْ إِنَّ اللّهَ هُوَ الْمَسِيحُ ابْنُ مَرْيَمَ ...

5: 17. In blasphemy indeed are those that say that Allah is Christ the son of Mary.

... قُلْ فَمَن يَمْلِكُ مِنَ اللّهِ شَيْئًا ...

Say:

"Who then hath the least power against Allah,

... إِنْ أَرَادَ أَن يُهْلِكَ الْمَسِيحَ ابْنَ مَرْيَمَ وَأُمَّهُ وَمَن فِي الأَرْضِ جَمِيعًا ...

if His Will were to destroy Christ the son of Mary, his mother, and all, everyone that is on the earth?

... وَلِلّهِ مُلْكُ السَّمَاوَاتِ وَالأَرْضِ وَمَا بَيْنَهُمَا...

For to Allah belongeth the dominion of the heavens and the earth, and all that is between.

... يَخْلُقُ مَا يَشَاء ...

He createth what He pleaseth.

C717. The most honoured of the prophets of Allah are but men.

All power belongs to Allah, and not to any man. Allah's creation may take many forms, but because in any particular form it is different from what we see daily around us, it does not cease to be Creation, or to be subject to the power of Allah. No creature can be God.

... وَاللّهُ عَلَى كُلِّ شَيْءٍ قَدِيرٌ ﴿١٧﴾

For Allah hath power over all things."



Asad’s Version:


5: 14 And [likewise] from those who say, “Behold, we are Christians,” We have accepted a solemn pledge : and they, too have forgotten much of what had been told to bear in mind – wherefore We have given rise among them to enmity and hatred, until Resurrection Day: and in time God will cause them to understand what they have contrived.


(5:15) O followers of the Bible! Now there has come unto you Our Apostle, to make clear unto you much of what you have been concealing [from yourselves] of the Bible,28 and to pardon much. Now
there has come unto you from God a light, and a clear divine writ,


(5:16) through which God shows unto all that seek His goodly acceptance the paths leading to salvation29 and, by His grace, brings them out of the depths of darkness into the light and guides them onto a straight way.



[[ Asad’s version - 26 Thus the Qur'an elliptically rejects their claim of being true followers of Jesus: for, by wrongfully elevating him to the status of divinity they have denied the very essence of his message.


27 I.e., their going astray from the genuine teachings of Jesus - and thus from true faith
in God - is the innermost cause of the enmity and hatred which has so often set the
so-called Christian nations against one another and led to unceasing wars and mutual persecution.


28 Inasmuch as verses 15-19 are addressed to the Jews and the Christians, the term al-kitab
may suitably be rendered here as "the Bible". It is to be borne in mind that the primary meaning of the verb khafiya is "it became imperceptible" or "not apparent" or "obscure" and that the same significance attaches to the transitive form akhfa. There is of course, no doubt that in its transitive form the verb also denotes "he concealed [something]".

i.e., from others: but in view of the preceding phrase, "there has come unto you Our Apostle to make clear unto you", it is obvious that what is alluded to in this context is the
concealing of something from oneself: in other words, it is a reference to the gradual
obscuring, by the followers of the Bible, of its original verities which they are now
unwilling to admit even to themselves.


29 The word salam, here rendered as "salvation", has no proper equivalent in the English

language. It denotes inner peace, soundness and security from evil of any kind, both physical
and spiritual, and the achievement of what, in Christian terminology, is described as
"salvation": with the difference, however, that the Christian concept of salvation presupposes
the existence of an a-priori state of sinfulness, which is justified in Christianity by the
doctrine of "original sin", but is not justified in Islam, which does not subscribe to this
doctrine. Consequently, the term "salvation" - which I am using here for want of a better word -
does not adequately convey the full meaning of salam. Its nearest equivalents in Western
languages would be the German Heil or the French salut, both of which express the idea of
spiritual peace and fulfilment without being necessarily (i.e., linguistically) connected


with the Christian doctrine of salvation. ]]



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14. Surah Ibrahim

The Quranic Text & Ali’s Version:


الَر...   

14:1.     Alif Lam Ra.

C1869. For these mystic letters, see Introduction to Surah 10.

... كِتَابٌ أَنزَلْنَاهُ إِلَيْكَ لِتُخْرِجَ النَّاسَ مِنَ الظُّلُمَاتِ إِلَى النُّورِ بِإِذْنِ رَبِّهِمْ...

A Book which We have revealed unto thee, in order that thou mightest lead mankind out of the depths of darkness into light -- by the leave of their Lord --

C1870. It is insisted on that every Prophet speaks not from himself but from Allah. His leading into the light is but by the grace and mercy of Allah, not by any power of his own, or by any merit of those who hear him.

...إِلَى صِرَاطِ الْعَزِيزِ الْحَمِيدِ ﴿١﴾

to the Way of (Him) Exalted in Power, Worthy of all Praise! --

C1871. In this and the next verse where the sentence is completed, three qualities of Allah are mentioned, viz.,

-        His exalted position above all Creation;

-        His goodness, which entities Him, and Him alone, to Praise- and

-        His Power in all heaven and earth.

Thus He stands in no need of man's worship; His goodness is all for the good of man (and His creatures); and His control over His creatures is complete; so He can carry out His Will and Plan.


Other versions:

14: 1

Pickthall Alif. Lam. Ra. (This is) a Scripture which We have revealed unto thee (Muhammad) that thereby thou mayst bring forth mankind from darkness unto light, by the permission of their Lord, unto the path of the Mighty, the Owner of Praise.

Yuksel A1L30R200. A book which We have sent down to you so that you may take the people out of the darkness and into the light, by their Lord's leave, to the path of the Noble, the Praiseworthy.*


Transliteration Alif La_m Ra_, kitabun anzalna_hu ilaika litukhrijan na_sa minaz zuluma_ti ilan nu_r(i), bi izni rabbihim ila_ sira_til 'azizil hamid(i),


[[Yuksel’s note - 014:001 A1L30R200. These letters/numbers play an important role in the mathematical system of the Quran based on code 19. See 74:1-56; 1:1; 2:1; 13:38; 27:82; 38:1-8; 40:28-38; 46:10; 72:28. ]]

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57. Al-Hadid (Iron)

Medina Period

The Quranic Text & Ali’s Version:



وَمَا لَكُمْ لَا تُؤْمِنُونَ بِاللَّهِ ...

57: 8.     What cause have ye why ye should not believe in Allah? --

C5282. "What cause have ye why should not..." A figure of speech implying a far wider meaning than the words express. It is equivalent to saying: "There is every reason why ye should believe in Allah", etc. The same construction applies to verse 10 below.

... وَالرَّسُولُ يَدْعُوكُمْ لِتُؤْمِنُوا بِرَبِّكُمْ وَقَدْ أَخَذَ مِيثَاقَكُمْ ...

And the Messenger invites you to believe in your Lord, and has indeed taken your Covenant,

C5283. There are two shades of meaning.

... إِن كُنتُم مُّؤْمِنِينَ ﴿٨﴾

if ye are men of faith.

هُوَ الَّذِي يُنَزِّلُ عَلَى عَبْدِهِ آيَاتٍ بَيِّنَاتٍ لِيُخْرِجَكُم مِّنَ الظُّلُمَاتِ إِلَى النُّورِ ...

57: 9.    He is the One Who Sends to His Servants manifest Signs, that He may lead you from the depths of Darkness into the Light.

C5284. The Holy Prophet Muhammad.

The Signs sent to him were:

... وَإِنَّ اللَّهَ بِكُمْ لَرَؤُوفٌ رَّحِيمٌ ﴿٩﴾

And verily, Allah is to you Most Kind and Merciful.


Asad’s Version:


57:8 And why should you not believe in God, seeing that the Apostle calls you to believe in [Him who is] your Sustainer, and [seeing that] He has taken a pledge from you? 6 [Why should you not believe in Him] if you are able to believe [in anything]? 7


57:9 It is He who bestows from on high clear messages unto [this] His servant, to lead you out of the deep darkness into the light: for, behold, God is most compassionate towards you, a dispenser of grace.