4. [an-Nisa, Medina 92]
The Quranic Text & Ali’s Version:
يَا
أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ
آمَنُواْ إِذَا
ضَرَبْتُمْ
فِي سَبِيلِ
اللّهِ فَتَبَيَّنُواْ
...
4: 94. O ye who believe! when ye go abroad in the Cause of Allah, investigate carefully,
C613. Go abroad: dharaba: to travel, to go for jihad, or for honest trade or other service, which if done with pure motives, counts as service in the cause of Allah.
The immediate occasion was in connection with jihad, but the words are general, and can be applied to similar circumstances.
In war (or in peace) we are apt to catch some worldly advantage by pluming ourselves on our superiority in Faith. In war perhaps we want to gain glory or booty by killing a supposed enemy. This is wrong.
The righteous man, if he is really out in Allah's service, has more abundant and richer gifts to think of in the spiritual world.
... وَلاَ تَقُولُواْ لِمَنْ أَلْقَى إِلَيْكُمُ السَّلاَمَ لَسْتَ مُؤْمِنًا...
and say not to anyone who offers you a salutation: "Thou art none of a believer!"
... تَبْتَغُونَ عَرَضَ الْحَيَاةِ الدُّنْيَا فَعِندَ اللّهِ مَغَانِمُ كَثِيرَةٌ...
Coveting the perishable goods of this life: with Allah are profits and spoils abundant.
... كَذَلِكَ كُنتُم مِّن قَبْلُ فَمَنَّ اللّهُ عَلَيْكُمْ فَتَبَيَّنُواْ...
Even thus were ye yourselves before, till Allah conferred on you His favors: therefore carefully investigate,
... إِنَّ اللّهَ كَانَ بِمَا تَعْمَلُونَ خَبِيرًا ﴿٩٤﴾
for Allah is well aware of all that ye do.
4: 94
Asad [Hence,] O you who have attained to faith, when you go forth [to war] in God’s cause, use your discernment, and do not - out of a desire for the fleeting gains of this worldly life – say unto anyone who offers you the greeting of peace, “You are not a believer” [note 119]: for with God there are gains abundant. You, too, were once in the same condition [note 120] – but God has been gracious unto you. Use, therefore, your discernment: verily, God is aware of what you do.
Pickthall O ye who believe! When ye go forth (to fight) in the way of Allah, be careful to discriminate, and say not unto one who offer you peace: "You are not a believer;" seeking the chance profits of this life (so that ye may despoil him). With Allah are plenteous spoils. Even thus (as he now is) were ye before; but Allah hath since then been gracious unto you. Therefore take care to discriminate. Allah is ever informed of what ye do.
Ya_ ayyuhal lazina a_manu_ iza_ darabtum fi sabililla_hi fa tabayyanu_ wa la_ taqu_lu_ liman alqa_ ilaikumus salama lasta mu'mina_(n), tabtagu_na'aradal haya_tid dunya_, fa'indalla_hi maga_nimu kasirah(tun), kaza_lika kuntum min qablu fa mannalla_hu 'alaikum fa tabayyanu_, innalla_ha ka_na bima_ ta'malu_na khabira_(n).
[[ Ruby’s note – The emphasis that comes out of this verse is that God is exhorting to the believers to be extremely considerate to the non-Believers who are not belligerent reflecting on themselves that they were also once non-believers. This kind of exhortation is given when God wants the believers to be compassionate and humble towards non-Muslims. This verse categorically forbids killing anyone who is not a threat. Merely opposing a view or holding different faith and lifestyle do not constitute reason to kill or fight against.]]
[[ Asad’s note – 119 - ………This verse prohibits the treating of non-combatants as enemies and using their supposed unbelief as a pretext for plundering them. The injunction “use your discernment” (tabayyanu) impose on the believers the duty of making sure, in every case, whether the persons concerned are actively engaged in hostilities or not.
120 – Lit., “thus have you [too] been aforetime”. Since the preceding injunction refers to the whole community, it would seem that the above clause, too, bears the same implication: namely, a reference to the time when the Muslim community was, because of its weakness and numerical insignificance, at the mercy of enemies endowed with greater power. Thus, the believers are told, as it were: “Remember your erstwhile weakness, and treat the peacefully-minded among your enemies with the same consideration with which you yourselves were once hoping to be treated.” ]]
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27. An-Naml (The Ants)
Mecca Period 48
The Quranic Text & Ali’s Version:
وَإِنَّهُ
لَهُدًى
وَرَحْمَةٌ
لِّلْمُؤْمِنِينَ
﴿٧٧﴾
27: 77 And it certainly is a Guide and Mercy to those who believe.
Asad’s Version:
27:80 [But,] verily, thou caust not make the dead hear: and [so, too] thou canst not make the deaf [of heart] hear this call when they turn their backs [on thee] and go away, (27:81) just as thou canst not lead the blind [of heart] out of their error; none canst thou make hear save such as [are willing to] believe in Our messages, and thus surrender themselves unto Us. 72
[[Asad’s note - 72 This passage corresponds to the oft-repeated Qur'anic statement that "God guides him that wills [to be guided] (yahdi man yasha')". ]]